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History
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Naxos
has a rich cultural history. There are indications that in 4000 BC
there already was already a well developed society on Naxos. During
the Cycladic civilization in the 3d millennium BC, the famous marble
statues and pottery were produced which were found in graves in the
Grotta area of Naxos town and near Panermos. |
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During
the Mycenaean civilization Naxos became one of the most important ports
in the Aegean, because of its strategic position. The ancient acropolis
was on the hill which later, during medieval times, became occupied
by the Venetian Kastro, and parts of the ancient Mycenaean city have
been excavated in the Grotta area of Naxos town. The Ionian civilization, from the 8th century BC, was again an important period of cultural and economic development on the island. Marble sculpture and architecture flourished. |
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Naxos
had a dominant influence over the island of Delos, and contributed
many sculptures, including the famous avenue of lions. The Sphinx
at Delphi is another important example of Naxian craftsmanship. The
large Kouri (statues of young gods or heroes) were exported, one of
which can be seen in the Archeological museum in Athens. |
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During
this this time the population on the island is thought to have been
around 100.00 inhabitants. After the fall of Lygdamis, Naxos was twice
attacked by the Persians. The second attack in 490 BC caused massive devastation of the island, the enslavement of many of its inhabitants and a Persian occupation. Naxos never recovered its former brilliance or independent status. At the battle of Salamis, Naxian ships joined the Athenian fleet and fought against the Persians. |
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